Room+20A

=Kristen and Samantha's Grand Canyon Photo Journal= Group pic at Ooh aha Point

**__Hike to Ooh Aha Point__** Top view of the Grand Canyon on the hike

On a bus ride of nine hours we were glad to get out and go on a hike down to ooh aha point. This 3/4s of a mile walk was not your normal walk in the park it was a steep, sloppy and slippery hike down. But when we got to Ooh Aah point the hurting feet and dust in are eyes was worth it. Looking off into the canyon it was absolutely breath taking. Before we even got on the trail we stopped to look at the mules, they even came up to the fence so we could pet them. The mules diet is oats and hay. The mules also used to carry down logs, they would weigh it and then find a log with the same weigh as it so the mules dont not have two different weights on its back. On the way down we had a wonderful guide who gave us wonderful information that know one would even guess, about the ancestors that lived there hundreds of years ago. Such as 11 different tribes of indians. In the summer they would go up high and in the winter go down low. They would also use the bark of the tree as dippers. When the water was low they would go down to the river to fish for food. But things do change like the theroys people have about how it was formed.The most resent theory of how the grand canyon was formed was two plates came together and pushed up one mile high. The grand canyon is made up of 28 layers and 7 oceans and is not made fromwater erosion but from wind and soil erosion. In the Canyon, there are only one or two natural trails the rest are made up of man maid work, by drilling holes and putting dynamite in it would help the workers make the trails. There were also many diffrent species of plants suchs as the Yucca. It was a very important plant it helped make shoes and ropes it also made a drink called raspor. That was a very funny day and i learning experience but it was not over yet, On the hike back it was hard because it was a big incline but completly worth it in the end. We saw a mule after the hike "they like oats"

=**__River Trip__**= Wow!!!!!! The Colorado river was an amazing place, it was mine and samantha's favorite part of the trip. There were so many new things that i learned. But before we even started learning anything there it was the Glen Damn a massive structure that stands 710 feet tall and holds back, and controlles how much water gets put into the Colorado river. After hearing that,people may think that it is all the same depth but they would be wrong, the Colorado river ranges from 1 inch to 75 feet deep at times. Most of that water comes from 19+ holes called (adics). That was good to know because it explaned the black water marks coming from the rocks. Well it did'nt stop there did you know that the Grand Canyon had some of the best rapids in the world, ands its own scale for rating them. Instead of a plain 1-5 scale the rivers scale is 1-10. But they can get as small as a tiny ripple. We happened to go over one that was a .05 and called HoneyDraw. There was more the river had to offer such as these five different types of birds. Also there are 4 main fish that have homes in the 47 degree water. Those type of fish are Then when we thought it couldnt get any better it did. We saw two amazing rock formations one was called the Hanging canyon and on a rainy day it is suppose to look like a waterfall comeing off the rocks. The second was called Pac Man and it was an arch which is the strongest structure holding up 3-4 layers out of the 28 layers of rock on top of it = = = = The damn ,The water leaks ,The water =**__Wapatki__**=
 * Canada geese
 * Offspray
 * Turkey Vultures
 * Great Blue Harin
 * Canyon ren
 * Humpback Chub
 * Bonytail
 * Razorback
 * Colorado Pikeminnow

On the bus ride home we stopped at the Wapatki monument. This big beautiful sandy area that was located in the middle of now where that was covered with different plants and bushes for miles on end. My first impression was a little skeptical I thought "o great I want to get back on the bus and go home." But when we got on the trail and saw everything my mind was changed. The big adobe house was remarkable and to think that kids 13 and 14 years old built something so spectacular. Even though it was missing the original tall walls you still can see what the rooms were supposed to be. The house was built taller on one side to keep the eastern wind away. The homes ranged from one story family structure to multi level high rise. 125 different types of pottery was found inside this home. For a long time park rangers lived in the house. There was two stone circles big enough to fit a lot of people. One of the circles had benches and was used for religious reasons. The other circle was for games or war training. My favorite part was the blow hole. The blow hole could either suck in air or blow out. The day we went, it was blowing out air. Sadly the air was not strong enough to keep any objects up for long. It was really hard to leave the Wapatki monument because it was so pretty.

The main Wapatki mounument ,The smaller building ,and the religous circle =**__Sunset Crater__**= Sunset Crater is a cynder cone volcanoe named by the great John Wesley Powell. Its last eruption was in 1040-1100 A.D. When it erupted the ash fertilized the ground causing Pondarosea pines to grow. Which happens to be the only thing that grows there. Even though the last time it erupted seems like forever ago it has the most resent volcanic activity in the Flagstaff area. After the eruption lichens began to brake down the soil. But even know it has not erupted lately when it snows it reacts like a volcanoe and the ash that was left over melts the snow very quickly. Not get me wrong when it eripted it was huge and covered 800sq miles, and blanketed older volcanoes creating cylinder doms. all of that amke Sunset crater a very unique volcanoe. The trail view, the top view, and the far away view